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The canal system of Bologna

Bologna in the Middle Ages had a dense network of waterways. Although this urban funnel has disappeared almost completely, it keeps track names in many cities.
The water system was a major technological achievement and meet different needs: defense strategic city, water supply for household and craft (leather tanning, textile manufacturing), production of hydroelectric power needed at various factories (mills, spinning the silk).
The important contributions from Bologna, as Domenico Guglielmi, the "science of water" are linked to this city's tradition as well as issues common to the whole valley of the Po
Bologna was endowed with a network of artificial water gradually between the ages XII and XVI, starting with the construction of the locks of Casalecchio and S. Ruffillo, respectively, on the river Rhine and Savena. The construction of the channel
Savena was achieved at the expense of the City in the late twelfth century. Probably it was, rather than a new construction, deepening the path of an existing channel.
The operation was necessary both to increase the number of flour mills, both to feed the moat of the second set of walls, the walls of Torresotti, built to defend the city by Frederick Barbarossa. Initially, the channel
lapped the eastern side of the walls in the area of \u200b\u200bS. Vitale. Were later made two more branches, one towards Porta Castiglione, and another that passes over the river Aposa, entered the city through Porta San Mamolo.
Shortly after the excavation of the channel Savena forty individuals, then as indicated generic Ramisani, formed a consortium to build a canal that carried water to the city of Reno
this purpose was made a lock that raises the river level.
The channel came up near the western moat of the walls of Torresotti, it skirted to more than today's because of Moline, and then bent to the north and headed for the countryside.
along the channel of each network of mills built Ramisani productive and efficient.
The waters of the canals, once used for industrial and civilian, and Bova flowed in the area were used to support river navigation along the Canal Navile.
This canal, built in 1208, a guaranteed way to commercial traffic from Bologna and Ferrara to Venice.
Within the walls of the widespread distribution of water was ensured by a set of channels or underground drains.
In the area bounded by the channel of the Rhine and the walls between Porta S. Isaia and Porta Lame, the water drains of moving the wheels of the silk mills located in the cellars of buildings.
The culverts flowing just below street level and a few feet below the "chiavicotti" catch the water used to put it again in the channels.